Information On Systolic Blood Pressure

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure can be defined as the force created by blood pumping on the walls of blood vessels and it is noted that the expansion of these vessels is a response to the strength and contraction of the blood, which is important in maintaining blood flow through the vascular system arterial blood pressure varies from person to person and may vary from time to time in the same person, It is indicated that children are lower than adults to increase progressively with age and that blood pressure is expressed in two values; Diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure, the lowest value diastolic pressure when measuring blood pressure, is the pressure taken during the period between each heart stroke and the following. Systolic blood pressure will be addressed in some detail in this article.

Interpretation of blood pressure values

Many devices are available through which blood pressure can be measured in the human body. Blood pressure values obtained from different organs of the body can be classified as follows:

Normal blood pressure: when systolic pressure is less than 120 mmHg and diastolic less than 80 mmHg.
High blood pressure: If the systolic pressure value ranges from 120-129 mmHg, the diastolic value is less than 80 mmHg.
The first stage of hypertension: is when the systolic blood pressure value is between 130-139 mmHg, or the diastolic pressure value is between 80-89 mmHg.
Phase II hypertension: If the systolic blood pressure is 140 millimeters of mercury or higher, or if the diastolic pressure is 90 millimeters of mercury or higher.
Hypertension crisis: If the systolic blood pressure value exceeds 180 mmHg, or if the diastolic pressure exceeds 140 mmHg.
Separate systolic hypertension: The systolic blood pressure value is 140 mmHg or higher, with the diastolic pressure value remaining below 90 mmHg.

Systolic blood pressure

The word “systolic” comes from the Greek contraction, which means “to draw together or to constrict”. Since the sixteenth century, the term has been used to denote the contraction of the heart muscle. Systolic blood pressure represents a blood pressure reading taken at the contraction of the heart. It refers to the maximum arterial pressure during the contraction of the left heart ventricle. For example, if the recorded reading of systolic pressure is 120/80, the systolic pressure is a millimeter of mercury, and in this context, the term systolic puff is referred to as the heart puff heard during its contraction, which is when the heart contracts, specifically between the first and second ordinary heart sounds.

Systolic hypertension

Some practices and conditions stimulate the heart to contract more strongly compared to rest time for example, what happens during exercise or when you go through periods of emotional stress, In this case, the strength of the heart contraction increases, and as follows, the systolic blood pressure increases, It should be noted that high systolic blood pressure during these conditions is considered normal This explains the importance of measuring blood pressure during breaks before a person is diagnosed with high blood pressure.

Low systolic blood pressure

Systolic hypotension is lower than normal, and in cases where systolic hypotension is severe, it can cause some symptoms and conditions; Including dizziness, dizziness that reaches fainting, or fainting, a person may suffer from organ failure if systolic hypotension persists to a prolonged period of. The causes of systolic hypotension can be described as follows:

If the blood volume is too low; As with severe dehydration or bleeding.
Severe weakness of the heart muscle, preventing blood from coming out of the heart normally; This condition is known as cardiomyopathy.
the expansion of blood vessels so that this is too much; As in cases of vague vascular attack.
occurrence of erectile hypotension.

Symptoms of hypertension in general

Hypertension disease is termed a “silent killer”. This designation is because the absence of any warning signs or symptoms may indicate high blood pressure in most cases. As follows, many people with this condition are unaware of their infection, and it is suggested that some may experience certain symptoms when their pressure rises; Such as headache or vomiting, it should be noted that the only way to confirm or deny high blood pressure is to measure it using the devices assigned to it.

High blood pressure risk factors in general

The cause of hypertension may be unknown in many cases, but many factors increase the likelihood of this happening; Among them are age, a family history of illness, or a decline in race where the risk of developing the condition increases. There are many other risk factors associated with life practices that increase the likelihood of developing high blood pressure. The most prominent of these are:

Weight gain: Being overweight causes the body’s high blood needs. This in itself puts considerable strain on both cardiovascular and excess weight can be controlled and discarded through exercise and a healthy diet.
Lack of physical activities: In fact, not exercising or doing a few sports increases heart rate. This itself makes it difficult to pump blood through the heart with each pulse. Exercising stimulates the body to create hormones that stimulate the relaxation of blood vessels and reduce blood pressure.
A diet rich in salts: sodium in salt contributes to increased blood pressure due to the role it plays in narrowing blood vessels and retaining large amounts of liquids. A low-sodium, potassium-rich diet balances sodium levels and maintains blood pressure, and potassium-rich foods; include bananas, potatoes, and yogurt.
Smoking: Chewing or inhaling tobacco through cigarettes increases blood pressure. It should be noted that the chemicals in tobacco affect blood vessels, narrowing them and accumulating cholesterol plaques within them and stimulating heart attacks.
Alcoholism: Alcohol intake causes damage to the heart muscle.
Psychological stresses: chronic stress can lead to blood pressure problems, and going through psychological stress can foster behaviors that stimulate hypertension; like smoking and drinking alcohol.

Diagnosis of hypertension in general

Regular monitoring of blood pressure is extremely important. especially if one of the readings is high or higher than normal, Or if there is a family history of this condition, for the diagnosis of blood pressure, the doctor will measure blood pressure, Physical examination, take a person’s medical history, and assess risk factors associated with the disease as well as familial medical history, and when high blood pressure is confirmed, the doctor carries out further examinations; Like electrocardiography and echocardiography.

Blood pressure is measured using a device known as the Sphygmomanometer; This device consists of a stethoscope, arm bracelet, clock disk, pump, and valves. Blood pressure can be measured at the doctor or pharmacy clinic. A domestic blood pressure device can be acquired to monitor the pressure readings at home. When monitoring blood pressure at home, it is appropriate that the readings be continuously recorded and brought to the doctor’s clinic when reviewed. Blood pressure may be affected; whether high or low, based on several factors; Including age, heart condition, emotional condition, physical activity, and medication, it should be noted that a high reading of one of the pressure readings does not mean suffering from high blood pressure disease, Blood pressure should be measured at different times, so that it is preferred between each reading and at least five minutes later, Three readings need to be high so that high blood pressure is diagnosed.

Treatment of hypertension in general

High blood pressure treatment aims to keep blood pressure readings within their normal range and avoid the development of complications, and high blood pressure treatment with two main strategies; These are changing lifestyles and pharmaceutical treatments, each of which can be described as follows:

Changing lifestyles

Some changes in lifestyles contribute to improving health and keeping blood pressure values within their normal rates. This is the first line in the treatment of hypertension. The most prominent tips and guidelines to follow in this case are:

Perform regular physical activities, averaging at least 150 minutes per week of moderate exercise, or at least 75 minutes per week of severe exercise, so that the duration is divided into at least 5 days per week.

Reduce exposure to psychological stress and its impact on the person, which can be achieved through several practices; They include meditation, warm bathrooms, yoga practice, and hiking.

Quit smoking, and avoid taking alcohol and drugs.

Reduce excess body weight, as this improves blood pumping throughout the body.

healthy diet; This includes reducing salt intake and eating large quantities of fruits and vegetables.

To reduce foods rich in saturated fat, experts recommend eating whole grains and foods rich in fiber, legumes, nuts, omega-3-rich names, and low-fat dairy products.

Following the DASH diet, experts recommend for high blood pressure patients follow. This system aims to reduce high blood pressure, improve fat levels in the bloodstream, as well as reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Pharmaceutical treatments

Specific drugs are used in some cases to control blood pressure And the doctor often prescribes these drugs at low doses at first, so that the dose is gradually increased if the need arises To control blood pressure reading, it may be necessary to use two or more types of pressurized medications.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

Angiotensin receptor blockers 2.

Diuretics; such as thiazides, chlorthalidone, or indabamide.

Beta receptor blockers and alpha receptor blockers.

Calcium channel blockers.

Central receptor agonists.

peripheral adrenal inhibitors.

Vascular extensions.

Complications of high blood pressure in general

Increasing pressure on arteries’ walls as a result of high blood pressure may damage blood vessels as well as body organs. High blood pressure is more likely to be damaged and the duration of the uncontrolled condition increases. Uncontrolled hypertension involves the likelihood of developing certain complications, including:

Heart attack or stroke: This is due to atherosclerosis resulting from high blood pressure.

Aneurysm: This is due to the weakening and amplification of blood vessels resulting from high blood pressure, and the rupture of these vessels may pose a danger to human life.

Cardiac failure: High blood pressure causes an increased effort by the heart to pump blood. This causes an increase in the thickness of the walls of the heart’s chambers and the likelihood of inflation of the left ventricle, preventing blood from being pumped enough to meet the needs of the body and resulting in cardiac failure.

Weakened and narrowed blood vessels in the kidneys: preventing the normal functioning of the body’s organs.

Blood vessels are damaged in the eyes: whether by increasing their thickness, narrowing them, or tearing them apart, this can result in loss of vision.

Metabolic syndrome: It consists of suffering from a combination of disorders and problems together; Including increased waist circumference, high triglycerides, low level of good cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high insulin hormone levels, these conditions are indicated to make a person more likely to develop diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.

Memory and assimilation problems: due to the effect of uncontrolled hypertension on the ability to think, remember things, and learn.

Mental disorders: such as dementia, due to the likelihood of uncontrolled hypertension causing narrowing or blockage of arteries, preventing blood flow to the brain.